Primary 4 Multiplication and Division
Keywords
- Product
- The answer to a multiplication.
- Regroup
- Move a value into the next place while calculating.
- Partial product
- A product found when multiplying by one digit of a multi-digit number.
- Dividend
- The number being divided.
- Divisor
- The number dividing the dividend.
- Quotient
- The answer to a division.
Multiply a 4-digit number by a 1-digit number
Multiply from the ones place to the thousands place. When a product is 10 or more, write its ones digit and regroup the rest into the next place.
2 364 × 3 = ?
| Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regroup | ||||
| Number | 2 | 3 | 6 | 4 |
| × | 3 | |||
| Answer |
Start at the ones place.
See the full working
Work out 2 364 × 3.
- Ones: 4 × 3 = 12. Write 2 ones and regroup 1 ten.
- Tens: 6 × 3 + 1 = 19. Write 9 tens and regroup 1 hundred.
- Hundreds: 3 × 3 + 1 = 10. Write 0 hundreds and regroup 1 thousand.
- Thousands: 2 × 3 + 1 = 7. The product is 7 092.
Answer: 2 364 × 3 = 7 092.
Try together
Work out 1 274 × 4.
Reveal the answer
1 274 × 4 = 5 096.
Multiply a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number
Multiply by the ones digit first. Then multiply by the tens digit, putting a zero in the ones place because it represents tens. Add the two partial products.
324 × 26 = ?
| Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regroup | ||||
| Number | 3 | 2 | 4 | |
| × | 2 | 6 | ||
| 1 | 9 | 4 | 4 | |
| + | 6 | 4 | 8 | 0 |
| Answer | 8 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
Start with the ones digit of 26.
See the full working
Work out 324 × 26.
- Multiply by 6 ones: 324 × 6 = 1 944.
- Multiply by 2 tens: 324 × 20 = 6 480. The zero keeps the ones place.
- Add the partial products: 1 944 + 6 480 = 8 424.
Answer: 324 × 26 = 8 424.
Try together
Work out 213 × 14.
Reveal the answer
213 × 4 = 852 and 213 × 10 = 2 130. Add them: 213 × 14 = 2 982.
Divide a 4-digit number by a 1-digit number
The dividend is the number being divided, the divisor is the number dividing it, and the quotient is the answer. Divide from the largest place; subtract and bring down the next digit each time.
The parts of a division sentence
9 648 ÷ 4 = ?
Start with the thousands digit of the dividend.
See the full working
Work out 9 648 ÷ 4.
- 9 thousands ÷ 4 = 2 thousands. Subtract 8 thousands and bring down 6 hundreds to make 16 hundreds.
- 16 hundreds ÷ 4 = 4 hundreds. Subtract 16 hundreds and bring down 4 tens.
- 4 tens ÷ 4 = 1 ten. Subtract 4 tens and bring down 8 ones.
- 8 ones ÷ 4 = 2 ones. Subtract 8 ones; nothing is left over.
Answer: 9 648 ÷ 4 = 2 412. Check: 2 412 × 4 = 9 648.
Try together
Work out 7 248 ÷ 4.
Reveal the answer
7 248 ÷ 4 = 1 812. Check: 1 812 × 4 = 7 248.